Abstract: The agricultural model formed in the traditional polder field development process in Jiaxing and Huzhou Plain is a representative of the classical ecological agriculture model in China. The mulberry fish pond system of Huzhou is recognized as a globally important agricultural heritage system. Through sorting out and analyzing the historical documents related to polders in the region, this study has found that the Jiaxing and Huzhou Plain has a long history of polder reclamation. The river network with the Jiangnan Canal as the main channel was built during the development of wetlands of the Jiaxing and Huzhou Plain in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. The canals were used as framework for the development of the polder water conservancy. The Lougang polder model was constructed on the basis of the Ditang Canal in the north of the plain, the polder development model was formed in the middle centered on the canal and ponds, and the mulberry fish pond and mulberry rice field polder systems were formed in the south centered on the Huzhou-Hangzhou Canal and the Hangzhou-Jiaxing Canal according to the differences of topography and water environment in the Jiaxing and Huzhou Plain in the Song and Yuan Dynasties.