Abstract: Vernacular settlements are spatial units of national landscape and embodiment of the diversity and uniqueness of national landscape, with essential research significance. A typical vernacular settlement is researched from the perspective of cultural landscape in the case study of Yakou Village in Yunnan Province. The foundation of interaction between man and nature is studied from the aspects of natural environment and ethnic culture in Yakou Village. The means of interaction between man and nature are mainly researched from the aspects of agricultural production. Finally, the cultural and natural system of vernacular settlement, which is the outcome of interaction between man and nature, is studied from the aspects of landscape pattern and culture system of the vernacular settlement. It is of important reference value for the research of vernacular settlements under the framework of landscape architecture discipline system and maintaining the diversity and uniqueness of national landscape and preserving cultural diversity.