Abstract: In traditional garden construction, the relationship between architecture and rockery is one of the fundamental issues. This research discusses three groups of concepts and relationships between architecture and rockery in traditional gardens. Firstly, the research discusses the concept of living in gardens, which is subdivided into the relationship and difference between mountain-dwelling and house-dwelling, and between habitability and livability. Secondly, it analyzes how to create the situation and atmosphere of “house surrounding by mountains” in the layout and construction of architecture and rockery. Finally, in view of the rockery making craftsmanship following the principle that “less is more”, the research discusses how to use architectural elements such as walls, corridors, pavilions and ladders to highlight the form of and create momentum for rockery to achieve better results.