Biotope Mapping with Landscape Architecture Elements and Its Application in the Research of Park Avian Microhabitats

Biotope mapping is a graphical method that can effectively provide information on habitat quality distribution and landscape unit types. It is widely used in the fields of species habitat protection, land-use and landscape planning. However, there are few application examples in urban green space scale. And there is a lack of the study of classification and mapping systems constructed from the perspective of landscape architects. This paper takes three small- and medium-sized parks in Beijing as the research objects, and birds as the target species to construct a mapping method of habitat unit that integrates landscape architecture elements. It analyzes microhabitat composition, habitat structure and bird species distribution in the three parks by spatial mapping and data quantification. It clusters birds with similar park microhabitat preferences according to the spatial distribution and habitat use frequency of birds. The results show that the number of microhabitats in the sample parks is positively related to the SHDI and bird diversity. The specific preference of different birds to the micro habitat of parks is basically consistent with their behavior group preference, which can be further subdivided. The study results accord with the laws of landscape ecology and urban ornithology. It shows that biotope mapping method integrated with landscape architecture elements is feasible in the study of small-scale green space habitat, which serves as a basis for the study of micro environment protection and construction of urban green space. In this study, landscape architecture elements are introduced into the previous habitat unit mapping system for the first time, and this method is extended to the microhabitat level in green space, and the feasibility is demonstrated by combining it with bird data.