Ecological Restoration Model of Coal Mining Subsidence Area Based on Biodiversity Conservation

Taking the Taiping coal mining subsidence area in Zoucheng city of Yanzhou coalfield, Shandong Province as an example, this research, based on years of investigation and researches, analyzes the ecological status and biodiversity change characteristics of the newly created wetland in Taiping coal mining subsidence area. Incorporating the characteristics of dynamic collapse, it explores the ecological restoration technologies Nature-based Solutions while taking the biodiversity conservation of newly created wetland in the subsidence area as the core. From the perspective of overall ecosystem design and restoration, it gives an innovative technical framework for biodiversity conservation and ecosystem restoration in coal mining subsidence areas. It proposes six ecological restoration models in coal mining subsidence areas based on biodiversity conservation, including dynamic design conforming to the collapse time rhythm, spatial structure design based on habitat unit, composite design of terrain-sediment, integrated design of above water and underwater, collaborative design of animals and plants, multi-functional habitats design, and carries out relevant ecological restoration practices. The results show that ecological restoration in coal mining subsidence areas based on biodiversity conservation yields obvious comprehensive benefits. The restored coal mining subsidence areas become a symbiotic system with rich diversity and multi species cooperation, a dynamic landscape system integrating forest and water, and provide rich and diverse ecological products. The research results provide scientific basis and technical reference for biodiversity protection and ecosystem restoration design in coal mining subsidence areas.