Contribution of Blue-Green Space System in Marginal Landscape: A Case Study of the “Emerald and Sapphire Necklace” in Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain

The Emerald Necklace (1878–1880), a chain of parks in Boston, was designed by Frederick Law Olmsted in the 19th century. Rethinking his theory nowadays is fundamental, as it was from this theory that the landscape as infrastructure became well-known through a multifunctional system of blue-green spaces. Applying the Olmsted’s theory nowadays highlights the importance of multiscale planning and design methodology for green infrastructure (GI), which has the marginal landscape as a base. Having carried out the study to demonstrate how the landscape is understood as infrastructure can contribute to GI resilient city planning and design, based on the case study of the city declared European green capital in 2012, Vitoria-Gasteiz in Spain. The Olmsted’s theory can contribute to defining a multiscale strategy to rethink the margins of the territory.