CLOVER 21: A Manifesto for 21st Century Infrastructures

This article is a manifesto for a systemic design approach for infrastructures in the 21st century that draws on observations of global phenomena and the built work of the international landscape architecture practice West 8 in Rotterdam. The writers envision a world where infrastructures are Cultivated, Landscape-led and green, Open, Vibrant, Ecological, and Responsive (CLOVER), with the design focus is on people, place, and ecology above the needs of the machine.