Analysis on the Concept of Resilience to Withstand Floods in China"s Traditional Construction Wisdom

Objective In the face of frequent extreme climate disasters caused by global climate change, especially the severe situation of rainstorm and flood disasters, human society is facing unprecedented challenges. According to the statistics of the Global Disaster Data Platform, flood disasters have become one of the main factors causing heavy casualties and social and economic losses worldwide. In 2021, floods accounted for 56.13% of the world's major natural disaster events, causing 41.87% of the total number of disaster deaths. In the same year, the heavy rainstorm in Zhengzhou shocked the whole country, causing heavy casualties and social and economic losses, the death toll was as high as 380 people, and the direct economic loss reached 40.9 billion yuan. This series of shocking data not only reveals the devastating flood disaster, but also exposes the vulnerability of the current city to natural disasters. Therefore, an in-depth study of the ancient Chinese concept and experience of resilience to withstand floods aims to extract a universally applicable resilience prevention and control strategy from the ancient people's practice of long-term struggle against floods, so as to provide scientific guidance for current urban construction and disaster prevention and reduction, improve urban resilience to withstand floods, reduce disaster losses, and ensure the safety of people's lives and property. Methods In order to comprehensively and systematically analyze the ancient Chinese concept of resilience flood bearing, this paper adopts a multi-dimensional research method. Firstly, a cognitive framework covering theory, method and practice is constructed by combing historical books and practical cases extensively. Under this framework, we deeply discuss the theoretical basis, method system and practical application of ancient resilience flood bearing concept. Secondly, we analyze the traditional flood bearing concept of resilience in detail by combining the three levels of "flood control - flood response - flood adaptation". At the level of flood control, we pay attention to the construction and maintenance of flood control facilities in ancient cities, as well as the formulation and implementation of flood control strategies; At the flood response level, we discuss the ancient people's emergency response mechanism, rescue measures and post-disaster recovery and reconstruction. At the flood level, we emphasized the concept of harmonious coexistence between people and floods, and realized the harmonious coexistence between cities and floods by adjusting urban layout and optimizing water conservancy facilities. At the same time, we also pay attention to analyze the evolution and adaptation of the ancient resilience flood bearing concept in different historical periods and different regional backgrounds from the perspective of multiple coexistence and game symbiosis, in order to reveal its internal logic and law more comprehensively. Results On the basis of in-depth analysis of ancient flood bearing ideas such as camp city construction and water conservancy works, we summarized the evolution law of resilient flood bearing concept from "passive prevention and control" to "active blocking" and then to "harmonious co-prosperity". In the passive prevention and control stage, ancient people mainly built defensive facilities such as city walls and embankments to resist flood attacks. Although this strategy can alleviate the damage of flood to cities to a certain extent, it often has problems such as insufficient defense capability and high maintenance cost. With the advancement of technology and the deepening of understanding, the active blocking strategy has gradually become the mainstream. By digging canals, building reservoirs and other water conservancy projects, ancient people regulated the water flow and stored water, thus effectively reducing the threat of flood to the city. However, this strategy also has some limitations, such as soil erosion, ecological damage and other problems. Therefore, in the long-term practice, the ancient people gradually formed the concept of harmonious coexistence with floods. Through afforestation, construction of wetland parks and other measures, not only enhanced the flood control capacity of the city, but also protected the ecological environment, and realized the harmonious coexistence of man and nature. Conclusion Through the in-depth analysis of the changes in the concepts and experiences of resilience flood bearing in ancient China, we draw the following conclusions and Revelations: First, the ancient people accumulated rich wisdom and practical experience in resilience flood bearing in the long-term struggle against flood disasters, which has important reference significance for improving the current urban resilience in flood bearing. Secondly, the concept of resilience in ancient China has experienced an evolution process from "passive prevention and control" to "active blocking" and then to "harmonious co-prosperity", which reflects the ancient people's deep understanding and understanding of the relationship between man and nature. Finally, we put forward three levels of resilience and disaster adaptation experience enlightenment: "follow the nature", "guide the situation" and "adapt to local conditions". Follow nature, that is, respect the laws of nature, conform to the characteristics of flood, and realize the harmonious symbiosis between man and nature through rational planning of urban layout and water conservancy facilities; Taking advantage of the situation, that is, making full use of topography and hydrological conditions, taking flexible and varied flood control measures to improve flood control efficiency; According to local conditions, that is, according to the natural environment and social and economic conditions in different areas, formulate flood control strategies that meet the local reality. These experiences and inspirations are not only of great significance for improving the resilience of Chinese cities to withstand floods, but also provide useful reference for urban disaster prevention and reduction on a global scale.