Between the East and West: A Study of Missionary Participation in the Construction of Yuanmingyuan in Qing Dynasty

This paper studies the ways of the missionaries participating in the construction of Yuanmingyuan, including the introduction of Western painting, architectural engineering and gardening techniques into China, and their roles as a bridge in the cultural exchanges between the East and West. It also examines how the missionaries spread the relevant characteristics, architectural styles, gardening techniques and horticultural plants of Chinese gardens to the West. It discusses the role of the missionaries in the communication between the Eastern and Western cultures in the construction of Yuanmingyuan.