Spatial Wisdom of Matching Ecosystem Services Supply and Demand in Urban Waterfront Areas

Since most studies on ecosystem service mapping focus on regional or urban scale, which have limited influence on ecological practice of landscape architecture, this paper focuses on the site dimension to discuss the planning and design of urban waterfront areas from the perspective of the supply-demand of ecosystem services. Based on the review of existing knowledge on ecosystem service supply and demand, this paper proposes three factors and classification of demands, and identifies key indicators that influence the supply of ecosystem services in urban waterfront areas. It uses the urban sections of the Suzhou Creek in Shanghai and adopts the methods of field research, literature review and GIS-based spatial mapping of demand targets and supply capabilities. Through a comparison of demand and supply, it creatively proposes three spatial wisdoms of ecological practice at urban waterfront areas, which are first, the spatial wisdom of making development strategies based on demand objectives; second, the spatial wisdom of meeting the needs of urban renewal based on different sections and types; third, the spatial wisdom of transferring from supply-demand balance to matching. It provides theoretical basis, evaluation methods and technical support for the ecological practice in urban waterfront areas in the future.