Abstract: In the context of the crisis caused by monoculture land use, the value of the agroforestry land-use modes for the sustainable development of the agricultural heritage landscape has been revalued by academics. This research explores the importance of the agroforestry land-use modes in the China National Important Agricultural Heritage System (China-NIAHS) and their impacts on landscape sustainability of China-NIAHS. Based on the analysis of 118 China-NIAHS materials, it comprehensively evaluates the importance of the agroforestry land-use modes and the landscape sustainability of China-NIAHS by multiple indicators, and further conducts the correlation analysis. The result shows that the agroforestry land-use modes are critical in the most of China-NIAHS. Their importance is significantly correlated with the majority of landscape sustainability indicators, especially in biodiversity, income diversity, and resource utilization. The valuable implications of the result for the sustainable development of agricultural heritage landscapes at the national scale are further discussed.