CN 11-5366/S     ISSN 1673-1530
“风景园林,不只是一本期刊。”

西安中心城区蓝绿空间景观格局演变对降温效应的影响

Research on the Influence of Evolution of Landscape Patterns of Blue-Green Space on the Cooling Effect in the Central Urban Area of Xi’an

  • 摘要:
    目的 城市蓝绿空间对缓解高密度城区热岛效应具有重要作用。优化蓝绿空间格局作为存量发展时代改善城市热环境的重要途径,探讨蓝绿空间景观格局演变对降温效应的影响,有助于从全局角度制定缓解城市热岛效应的蓝绿空间格局优化与管理的策略。
    方法 以西安中心城区为研究区域,选取6个典型景观格局指数解析研究区域2013—2023年蓝绿空间格局的演变特征,采用空间自相关分析和多尺度地理加权回归(multi-scale geographically weighted regression, MGWR)模型分析蓝绿空间格局与地表温度的空间关系,揭示研究区域蓝绿空间格局演变对降温效应的影响。
    结果 1)2013—2023年,西安中心城区蓝绿空间格局变化显著。2)西安中心城区地表温度呈北高南低的空间分布特征,中心区域地表温度的变化幅度不明显,低温区主要集中在灞桥区的南部地区。3)景观格局指数变化与地表温度变化之间的关系在空间分布上存在不均匀性;在城市高密度区域,小面积复杂蓝绿斑块的降温效应较好,城郊大面积蓝绿斑块的连通性越高越不利于降温,大型水域附近形状规则且连通度高的蓝绿斑块有助于降低地表温度。
    结论 2013—2023年,西安中心城区地表温度变化与蓝绿空间变化格局变化之间相关性著且存在较强的空间异质性,蓝绿空间的面积、形状、聚集度等对地表温度变化的影响存在差异,针对区域特征制定相应的蓝绿空间优化策略有助于提升蓝绿空间降温效应。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective In the contemporary global context, urban areas are increasingly confronted with the dual pressures of global climate change and rapid urbanization. These pressures have led to a significant rise in urban temperature, thereby amplifying the importance of blue-green spaces in mitigating the urban heat island (UHI) effect. Blue-green spaces, which include natural water bodies, parks, green corridors, and other vegetated areas, play a crucial role in regulating urban microclimates. As cities enter an era of stock development, where the focus shifts from expansion to optimization of existing resources, the strategic configuration of these spaces has become a cornerstone for enhancing urban thermal environments. Understanding the cooling mechanisms of blue-green spaces at various spatial scales is essential for improving urban thermal comfort and guiding the planning and construction of urban blue-green infrastructure.
    Methods This research focuses on the central urban area of Xi’an, a city that has experienced substantial urban growth over the past decade. By employing a combination of spatial autocorrelation analysis and a multi-scale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) model, the research examines the change characteristics of blue-green spaces and their impact on land surface temperature from 2013 to 2023. The findings reveal the spatial heterogeneity of cooling effects and offer tailored optimization strategies for blue-green spaces across diverse urban contexts. The research methodology involves selecting six representative landscape indices to evaluate the changes in blue-green space patterns in the central urban area of Xi’an. These indices are carefully chosen to capture the nuances of spatial configuration, fragmentation, and connectivity of blue-green spaces. Spatial autocorrelation analysis is utilized to identify spatial clustering and patterns extracted from the data collected, while the MGWR model is adopted for a more granular examination of the relationship between landscape indices and land surface temperature levels. This integrated approach not only reveals the factors influencing the cooling effects of blue-green spaces but also highlights their spatial variability across the urban landscape.
    Results The results of the research are both revealing and instructive. 1) The blue-green space patterns in the central urban area of Xi’an underwent significant changes over the research period, reflecting the dynamic interplay between urban development and environmental management. 2) The spatial distribution of land surface temperature exhibits a distinct pattern of being “high in the north and low in the south”. The central area, characterized by dense urban fabric, shows minimal fluctuations in land surface temperature, whereas low-temperature zones are predominantly concentrated in the southern part of Baqiao District. This uneven thermal distribution underscores the complexity of urban heat dynamics and the need for targeted interventions. 3) The relationship between landscape indices and land surface temperature changes displays notable spatial heterogeneity. In high-density urban areas, small and complex blue-green patches demonstrate stronger cooling effects, emphasizing the importance of intricate designs in densely built environments where space is limited but the need for effective cooling is significant. In contrast, suburban areas benefit from avoiding the aggregation of large blue-green patches, which may otherwise hinder effective cooling due to reduced air circulation and increased shading. Near large water bodies, regularly shaped and highly connected blue-green patches are found to be particularly effective in reducing land surface temperature, highlighting the synergistic effects of water and vegetation in enhancing cooling performance and suggesting that integrated blue-green networks can maximize thermal benefits.
    Conclusion The research concludes that the relationship between temperature changes and blue-green space changes in the central urban area of Xi’an is significant and characterized by strong spatial heterogeneity during the period from 2013 to 2023, with the cooling effects of blue-green spaces found varying by their spatial attributes and the characteristics of the surrounding urban environment. These findings highlight the necessity for region-specific optimization strategies to maximize the cooling potential of blue-green spaces. By integrating spatial analysis and regression modeling, the research provides a detailed understanding of the cooling mechanisms of blue-green spaces across diverse urban contexts. The results emphasize the importance of tailoring blue-green space designs to local conditions, considering factors such as urban density, proximity to water bodies, and regional climatic characteristics. This approach enhances the effectiveness of blue-green spaces in mitigating the urban heat island effect and contributes to the creation of more sustainable and thermally comfortable urban environments. The research advocates a holistic and adaptive urban planning strategy, where blue-green spaces are strategically designed and managed to address the unique thermal challenges of different urban areas. This research offers valuable guidance for policymakers and urban planners aiming to optimize blue-green infrastructure and improve urban resilience in the face of climate change and urbanization.

     

/

返回文章
返回