Objective Against the background of profound changes in global science, technology, and economic structure, low-altitude economy, as a rapidly emerging economic form, has great development potential and social value. The low-altitude economy covers low-altitude manufacturing, flight operations, support services and comprehensive service industries, and has the characteristics of spatially three-dimensional, regional dependence, digital ecology, industrial integration and radiation driving. With the continuous development of digitization and informatization, these characteristics increasingly affect the interaction between low-altitude activities and urban and natural environments, which provides new ideas for the development of landscape architecture, and the coordinated development of the two is an important issue in the transformation of landscape architecture.

Methods The knowledge map method was used to analyze the research status of environmental low-altitude economy at home and abroad. By combing and reading relevant literature at home and abroad, the research trends of low-altitude economy in logistics, aviation, ecological monitoring and other fields were systematically analyzed by reviewing literature research, case studies and comparative analysis. The analysis shows that the domestic research shows significant "technical traction" characteristics, focusing on unmanned aerial vehicles, three-dimensional modeling and other tools in the practice of landscape architecture efficiency enhancement, although the initial attempt to build a spatial planning framework, but the empirical assessment of ecological risks and creative transformation of human values is obviously insufficient; Foreign research roots are deeply in the field of environmental science and remote sensing monitoring, showing a high degree of interdisciplinary and methodological innovation, and maintaining a synchronous concern for technical ethics and ecological impact. In order to make up for this methodological deficiency, this paper systematically analyzes its internal mechanism from four aspects:technological application,spatial planning,ecological impact,humanistic experience, aiming to carefully analyze the core challenge and coordinated development path of low-level economy and landscape architecture from surface "grafting" to deep "symbiosis".

Results By analyzing the domestic and foreign research, the internal mechanism of the cross research between landscape architecture and low-altitude economy is revealed four aspects. In the aspect of technology application, low-altitude aircraft tend to be transformed from perception tools to "design intelligence" which can guide ecological design and space construction. In the aspect of spatial planning, landscape architecture will realize the spatial transformation from plane extension to three-dimensional reconstruction under the development of low-altitude economy. In the aspect of ecological impact, the research focus has changed from identifying environmental risks by using low-altitude facilities to systematic assessment and control of ecology. In the aspect of humanistic experience, the combination of low-altitude economy and cultural narrative has further stimulated the vitality of landscape architecture discipline. It is found that under the influence of low-altitude economy, the development of landscape architecture faces some new problems, such as imperfect policies and regulations, insufficient adaptability of spatial planning system, systematic lack of ecological protection, technical bottleneck restriction, homogenization dilemma of cultural and tourism integration, including lack of unified standards for low-altitude facility design, traditional two-dimensional planning being difficult to meet the needs of air-space coordination, ecological destruction caused by noise and habitat disturbance, lack of ecological protection system, etc. There are technical bottlenecks in data processing and flight stability; homogenization of tourism products, focusing on tourism over cultural innovation. Landscape architecture, as a professional discipline coordinating ecology, space, and humanities, urgently needs to provide innovative responses to new technical methods. In order to promote the coordinated development of the two, this paper puts forward the implementation path of the integration of low-altitude economy and landscape architecture: to ensure the adaptation of policies and regulations, to improve policies and regulations and technical standards, to formulate low-altitude greening design and ecological evaluation standards, and to lay a foundation for the integration of landscape architecture and low-altitude economy; Conduct spatial value evaluation, clarify the use, development subject and income distribution mechanism of each low-altitude area, promote the market-oriented operation of public resources, and use unmanned aerial vehicles to carry out ecological background analysis and evaluate the ecological carrying capacity of low-altitude activities; Conduct functional compound planning, make landscape architecture break through the limitation of traditional ground perspective, bring low-altitude airspace into the vertical space system of landscape architecture, add low-altitude related infrastructure in the garden, and realize efficient coordinated utilization of airspace and ground resources; In ecological service monitoring, we should increase the investment in R&D of UAV technology, low-altitude aircraft noise reduction technology, flight safety guarantee technology, etc., improve the intelligent level of landscape architecture monitoring and management, and establish a new ecological assessment mode; Promote the integrated development of culture and tourism, break through the homogenization dilemma from three dimensions of cultural empowerment, spatial differentiation and experience depth, and integrate garden cultural elements into low-altitude experience links, to improve the overall operation effect. In the future, landscape architecture research under the background of low-altitude economy will tend to be interdisciplinary, such as interdisciplinary integration with ecology, computer science and transportation; intelligent and digital, using artificial intelligence, big data and Internet of Things to achieve intelligent and digital development; curriculum reform, open "intelligent garden under the background of low-altitude economy" course, cultivate compound talents who can handle three-dimensional space design and low-altitude safety regulations simultaneously.

Conclusion Based on the research, we have drawn some conclusions. 1) The global low-altitude economy industry will become the next development hotspot, and it should accelerate the integration with transportation logistics, cultural tourism and other formats, expand more application scenarios, promote the integration of landscape architecture and related industries, and activate the new vitality of landscape architecture. 2) Green space and parks in cities will become important carriers for low-altitude transportation in the future, and planning and design of low-altitude composite public space will be the focus of research, and research will move from two-dimensional garden aesthetic space to three-dimensional traffic spatial pattern. 3) The development of unmanned aerial vehicle and related technologies provide refined intelligent solutions for intelligent garden management, and low-altitude monitoring data provide new tools for ecological value assessments of gardens, significantly improve ecological monitoring and management levels.