Abstract: Ningshao Plain is one of the oldest polders in China. The great variety in polder forms is caused by differences in the geological subsoil, the dynamics of water and land, and human intervention. The research is based on historical maps, traditional maps, historical photographs and local records, as well as spot investigations. Firstly, the research briefs the history of reclamation in Ningshao Plain and discusses the dynamic natural and cultural factors in the transformation of polder landscape there. Secondly, from the perspective of landscape architectur, the polder landscape of Ningshao Plain is divided into multi-layer system which contains the hydrological system reflecting natural features, the agricultural system deriving from hydrology and land use, and the settlement system characterized by hydrological system and reclamation mechanisms. Finally, the research summarizes the great influence of polder landscape on human settlement environment of Ningshao Plain.