Abstract: With China’s rapid urbanization and steady improvement of living standard, people are eager to regain their cultural identity. Traditional human settlements represent people’s feelings on their homes, loaded with rich cultural connotations and historical wisdom. Ancient Fuzhou is one of the best examples of provincial human settlement constructions. This article develops the layer system of vernacular landscape, integrates the research results on history, geography, literature and folklore, explores the main achievement of ancient Fuzhou landscape construction and shows the practical experience and thinking construction in traditional human settlement construction. This article will contribute to understanding the scientific content, social value and humanistic connotation in material space and benefit the traditional landscape protection and development.