Abstract: The fractal theory is a frontier theory for the study of the typical morphological characteristics of complex giant systems. This paper draws lessons from the aggregated dimensionality model and the morphological dimensionality model of the fractal theory to make a fractal analysis of the spatio-temporal evolution of the recreational green space system in Shanghai. Based on the research conclusion and relevant planning, this paper puts forward the optimization scheme of fractal coupling reconstruction: the structural layout optimization of 5 level fractal in 8 centers and the morphological layout optimization of large-scale country parks. The results show that the evolutionary characteristics are more in line with the actual situation, and the optimized scheme can further promote the classification and grading evolution of the system structure, enhance the stability of the system morphology, generally improve the service level and narrow the spatial differences, and can be effectively used in the planning of the recreational green space system in urban and rural areas.