Abstract: Urban artificial lakes, as one of the water ecological infrastructure, can realize the function of stormwater regulation and storage through the regulation of water balance. However, there is a general contradiction featuring great difficulty in maintaining water quantity in urban artificial lakes planning and construction now. On the premise of clarifying the basic principle and hydrological scale of water balance of urban artificial lakes, this paper constructs the water balance process of artificial lakes by virtue of the comparative study of hydrological cycle process between urban artificial lakes and natural lakes. It analyzes the factors of its eight water balance of impact factor and the feasibility of the control, and from the landscape architecture specialty of controllable perspective, urban artificial lakes hydrological cycle and the landscape elements to correlation analysis, sets up urban lake landscape design guideline aiming at water balance, through “counterpoint to the spatial structure” and “corresponding to the material carrier” of two steps to realize water regulation. It is hoped that it can provide a universal planning and design method system for solving practical problems of water conservation of urban artificial lakes, expand the scope of research on water ecological infrastructure, and provide theoretical and practical reference for the construction of “sponge cities”.