CN 11-5366/S     ISSN 1673-1530
“风景园林,不只是一本期刊。”

粤港澳大湾区水上文化景观及其空间分布特征

Superaqueous Cultural Landscape and Spatial Distribution Characteristics Thereof in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

  • 摘要:
    目的 粤港澳大湾区丰富的、具有强烈地域特色的水上文化景观是岭南文化形象的重要表征,通过梳理总结大湾区水上文化景观的基本类型以及空间分布特征,初步建立粤港澳大湾区水上文化景观的空间格局,从而为保护管理提供基础资料依据和空间规划指引。
    方法 以清代珠江三角洲成沙范围为基础划定研究范围,参照中国文化遗产和旅游资源的分类依据及标准,确定水上文化景观的主要范畴和基本分类,利用ArcGIS对景观资源点进行核密度分析、水上文化景观与区域水网结构的耦合性分析、水上文化景观的景观适宜性分析。
    结果 1)从自然层面看,大湾区水上文化景观的文化体系与自然水文条件展现出强烈的共生性和一致性;从文化层面看,水上文化景观的物质与非物质层面都是依托水系而产生和发展的,涵盖了生活、生产的方方面面。2)广州是整个大湾区水上文化景观格局的中心,通过文化景观资源点、水系廊道和文化圈层的叠加,以及发达的水网体系的连通作用,粤港澳大湾区形成了三廊道、三核心、五圈层的水上文化景观空间格局体系;同时由于各文化圈层自然与文化背景的差异,水上文化景观的地域特征也有明显的差异,体现了湾区文化的多元和活力。
    结论 通过跨学科研究,弥补了水上文化景观中景观资源空间分布的研究空白,把水上文化景观研究推进到国土空间管控领域,在保护水上文化景观的同时,对大湾区文化自信的建设及水上文化旅游经济的开发具有实践指导意义。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The rich and strongly regional superaqueous cultural landscape in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area (“Great Bay Area”) is an important representation of Lingnan cultural image. This research attempts to preliminarily establish the spatial pattern of superaqueous cultural landscapes in the Greater Bay Area by summarizing their basic types and analyzing their spatial distribution characteristics, in order to provide basic data basis and spatial planning guidance for the protection and management of such landscapes.
    Methods The research area redline is drawn mainly based on the sand forming area of the Pearl River Delta in Qing Dynasty, using nuclear density analysis, spatial coupling analysis, landscape pattern analysis, ecological suitability analysis and other technical methods. The classification basis and standard of China’s cultural heritage and tourism resources are preliminarily defined to determine the main categories and basic classifications of superaqueous cultural landscape. ArcGIS software is adopted to plot the spatial distribution of landscape resource points based on the kernel density analysis thereof, and to analyze the coupling between superaqueous cultural landscape and regional water network structure and the landscape suitability of superaqueous cultural landscape.
    Results 1) From a natural perspective, the cultural system and natural hydrological conditions of the aquatic cultural landscape in the Greater Bay Area exhibit a strong symbiosis and consistency. From a cultural standpoint, both the material and non-material aspects of aquatic cultural landscapes are based on or rely on water systems, covering all aspects of life and production. 2) By analyzing the spatial distribution of landscape resource points, it is found that Guangzhou is the center of the water cultural landscape pattern in the entire Greater Bay Area. Through the superposition of cultural landscape resource points, water system corridors, and cultural circles, as well as the connectivity of developed water network systems, the Guangdong Hong Kong Macao Greater Bay Area has formed a spatial pattern system of water cultural landscape with three corridors, three cores, and five circles. At the same time, due to the differences in natural and cultural backgrounds among different cultural circles, there are also significant regional differences in the water cultural landscape, reflecting the diversity and vitality of the Bay Area culture.
    Conclusion  The research finds that the superaqueous cultural landscape in the Greater Bay Area is reflected in a variety of daily activities and festivals and relies on the highly developed geographical characteristics of water networks, accounting for a large proportion of cultural heritage and tourism resources. In the past, research on aquatic cultural landscapes primarily focused on the tourism discipline, and paid less attention to the spatial distribution of the cultural landscape resources due to disciplinary limitations. This research fills this gap by conducting interdisciplinary research on landscape architecture, social geography, and cultural geography, advancing the research on superaqueous cultural landscapes to the field of national spatial control. The research provides basic data and spatial strategy references for the protection planning of superaqueous cultural landscapes in the Greater Bay Area. It also has practical guidance for the construction of cultural confidence and the development of the superaqueous cultural tourism economy in the Greater Bay Area.

     

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